Income Tax Calculator

Estimate your federal income tax from gross income, filing status, and pre-tax contributions using 2026 brackets and the standard deduction. Calculates in your browser.

Estimated federal income tax

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Standard deduction-
Taxable income-
Marginal rate-
Effective rate-
After-tax income-

Show the math

Tax applies to income after the standard deduction and pre-tax money:

taxable = gross − pre-tax − standard deduction − senior deduction

tax = sum of each bracket slice × its rate

Each filer age 65 or older adds $2,050 to the standard deduction ($1,650 per spouse on a joint return), plus the $6,000 senior deduction for 2025–2028. That one shrinks by 6% of income (gross − pre-tax) over $75,000 ($150,000 joint) and needs a joint return if you're married.

Uses 2026 federal brackets and standard deductions ($16,100 single · $32,200 joint · $24,150 head of household), from IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32. This estimate ignores credits, state tax, itemizing, the extra deduction for blindness, and the 2025–2028 deductions for qualified tips, overtime pay, and car-loan interest, it's for planning only, not tax advice. All math runs locally in your browser.

What this does

An income tax calculator estimates your federal income tax from gross income, filing status, and pre-tax contributions, using the current brackets and the standard deduction.

How it works

Your taxable income (gross minus pre-tax contributions, the standard deduction, and any senior deduction) is taxed in slices, each at its bracket rate. Your marginal rate applies only to the top slice, not the whole income. Filers 65 or older get a larger standard deduction ($2,050 more if single, $1,650 per spouse if joint) plus the $6,000 senior deduction for 2025–2028, which shrinks by 6% of income over $75,000 ($150,000 joint).

How to use it

  1. Enter your gross income and filing status.
  2. Choose how many filers are 65 or older.
  3. Add any pre-tax contributions.
  4. Read your estimated federal tax, marginal rate, and effective rate.

Understanding your result

The effective rate (total tax ÷ gross income) is lower than the marginal rate once income passes the first bracket. This estimates federal tax before credits and excludes state income tax and the 2025–2028 deductions for qualified tips, overtime pay, and car-loan interest, so your actual bill may be lower.

Example

A single filer with $60,000 gross taking the $16,100 standard deduction has $43,900 of taxable income and owes about $5,020: a marginal rate of 12% but an effective rate of about 8.4%. At 65 or older, the extra $2,050 and the $6,000 senior deduction cut the bill to about $4,054.

Sources & methodology

Last updated .

Frequently asked questions

How is income tax calculated?

Your taxable income (gross minus pre-tax contributions and the standard deduction) is taxed in slices, each at its bracket rate. The marginal rate applies only to your top slice.

What is the difference between marginal and effective rate?

The marginal rate is the rate on your last dollar; the effective rate is total tax divided by gross income, which is lower once your income reaches the second bracket.

Does it include the deductions for people 65 or older?

Yes. Choose how many filers are 65 or older: each adds $2,050 to the standard deduction if you file single or head of household, or $1,650 per spouse on a joint return (2026 amounts), plus the $6,000 senior deduction for 2025–2028. That one is reduced by 6% of your income over $75,000 ($150,000 joint), and married couples must file jointly to claim it.

Does this include state tax or credits?

No. It estimates federal tax before credits (like the child tax credit) and excludes state income tax, itemized deductions, and the 2025–2028 deductions for qualified tips, overtime pay, and car-loan interest, so your actual bill may be lower.

Is my data kept?

No. Everything is computed locally in your browser.